Ngibonile ukuthi amabhethri ashajwayo enziwe akhiqizwa kakhulu emazweni afana neShayina, iNingizimu Korea, neJapan. Lawa mazwe avelele ngenxa yezici eziningana eziwahlukanisa.

• Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, njengokuthuthukiswa kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion kanye ne-solid-state, ishintshe ukusebenza kwebhethri.
• Ukusekelwa kukahulumeni kwamaphrojekthi wamandla avuselelekayo kudale indawo enhle yokukhiqiza.
• Ukwanda kokwamukelwa kwezimoto zikagesi kuye kwakhulisa isidingo, ohulumeni benikeza izikhuthazo zokukhuthaza lolu shintsho.

Lezi zinto, ezihlanganiswe nezintambo zokuhlinzeka eziqinile kanye nokufinyelela ezintweni zokusetshenziswa, zichaza ukuthi kungani la mazwe ehamba phambili embonini.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• IShayina, iNingizimu Korea, kanye neJapan benza amabhethri amaningi ashajwayo. Banamathuluzi athuthukile kanye nezinhlelo zokuphakelwa eziqinile.
• I-US ne-Canada sezenza amabhethri amaningi manje. Bagxila ekusebenziseni izinto zokwakha kanye nezimboni zendawo.
• Ukulondoloza imvelo kubaluleke kakhulu kubenzi bamabhethri. Basebenzisa amandla aluhlaza kanye nezindlela eziphephile ukusiza iplanethi.
• Ukuvuselela kabusha kusiza ekunciphiseni imfucuza nokusebenzisa izinto ezintsha ezimbalwa. Lokhu kusekela ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwezinsiza ngendlela ehlakaniphile.
• Ubuchwepheshe obusha, njengamabhethri aqinile, buzokwenza amabhethri aphephe futhi abe ngcono esikhathini esizayo.

Izindawo Zokukhiqiza Zomhlaba Wonke Zamabhethri Angashajwa Kabusha

Ubuholi base-Asia ekukhiqizweni kwamabhethri

Ukubusa kweShayina ekukhiqizweni kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion

Ngibonile ukuthi iShayina ihamba phambili emakethe yomhlaba wonke yamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Ngo-2022, izwe lahlinzeka ngama-77% amabhethri ashajwayo emhlabeni. Lokhu kubusa kuvela ekufinyeleleni kwayo kabanzi ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ezifana ne-lithium ne-cobalt, kanye namakhono okukhiqiza athuthukile. Uhulumeni waseShayina uphinde watshala imali eningi embonini yamandla avuselelekayo kanye nezimoto zikagesi, wadala uhlelo oluqinile lokukhiqizwa kwamabhethri. Ubukhulu bokukhiqiza eShayina buqinisekisa ukuthi amabhethri ashajwayo enziwe lapha ahlala engabizi futhi etholakala kabanzi.

Intuthuko yeNingizimu Korea kubuchwepheshe bebhethri obusebenza kahle kakhulu

INingizimu Korea idlale indima enkulu ekukhiqizeni amabhethri asebenza kahle kakhulu. Izinkampani ezifana ne-LG Energy Solution kanye ne-Samsung SDI zigxile ekwakheni amabhethri anomthamo omkhulu wamandla kanye namakhono okushaja okusheshayo. Ngithola ukugcizelela kwabo ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kumangalisa, njengoba kukhuthaza ukusungula izinto ezintsha embonini. Ubuchwepheshe beNingizimu Korea kuma-electronics abathengi buqinisa kakhulu isikhundla sayo njengomholi kwezobuchwepheshe bebhethri.

Idumela laseJapane ngekhwalithi kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha

IJapan izakhele idumela lokukhiqizaibhethri elishajekayo elisezingeni eliphezulus. Abakhiqizi abanjengoPanasonic babeka phambili ukunemba nokuthembeka, okwenza imikhiqizo yabo ifunwe kakhulu. Ngiyazisa ukuzibophezela kweJapane ekusunguleni izinto ezintsha, ikakhulukazi ocwaningweni lwebhethri oluqinile. Lokhu kugxila kubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu kuqinisekisa ukuthi iJapan ihlala ingumdlali obalulekile emakethe yebhethri yomhlaba wonke.

Indima Eyandisayo YaseNyakatho Melika

Ukugxila kwe-United States ekukhiqizweni kwamabhethri asekhaya

I-United States ikhulise kakhulu indima yayo ekukhiqizweni kwamabhethri eminyakeni eyishumi edlule. Ukwanda kwesidingo sezimoto zikagesi kanye nokugcinwa kwamandla avuselelekayo kuholele kulokhu kukhula. Uhulumeni wase-US usekele imboni ngezinhlelo kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali, okuholele ekuphindweni kabili kwamandla kagesi avuselelekayo kusukela ngo-2014 kuya ku-2023. I-California ne-Texas manje zihola ngamandla okugcina amabhethri, ngezinhlelo zokukhula kakhulu. Ngikholwa ukuthi lokhu kugxila ekukhiqizweni kwasekhaya kuzonciphisa ukuthembela ekuthengeni kwamanye amazwe futhi kuqinise isikhundla se-US emakethe yomhlaba wonke.

Indima yaseCanada ekuhlinzekweni nasekukhiqizweni kwezinto zokusetshenziswa

ICanada idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlinzekeni ngezinto zokusetshenziswa ezifana ne-nickel ne-cobalt, ezibalulekile kumabhethri aphinde ashajwe enziwa emhlabeni wonke. Izwe seliqalile nokutshala imali ezindaweni zokukhiqiza amabhethri ukuze lisebenzise ingcebo yalo yezinsiza. Ngibona imizamo yeCanada njengesinyathelo esihlakaniphile sokuzihlanganisa kakhulu nochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwamabhethri emhlabeni jikelele.

Imboni Yamabhethri Ekhulayo YaseYurophu

Ukwanda kwamafektri amakhulu eJalimane naseSweden

IYurophu ivele njengesikhungo esikhulayo sokukhiqizwa kwamabhethri, kanti iJalimane neSweden zihamba phambili. Amafektri amakhulu kula mazwe agxile ekuhlangabezaneni nesidingo esikhulayo sezimoto zikagesi esifundeni. Ngithola ubukhulu balezi zikhungo buhlaba umxhwele, njengoba zihlose ukunciphisa ukuthembela kweYurophu ezintweni ezivela e-Asia. Lezi zimboni zigcizelela nokusimama, okuhambisana nemigomo yezemvelo yaseYurophu.

Izinqubomgomo ze-EU ezikhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwendawo

I-European Union isebenzise izinqubomgomo zokuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwamabhethri endawo. Izinhlelo ezifana ne-European Battery Alliance zihlose ukuthola izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nokukhuthaza imikhuba yomnotho ojikelezayo. Ngikholwa ukuthi le mizamo ngeke nje ithuthukise amandla okukhiqiza aseYurophu kodwa futhi izoqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside embonini.

Izinto Nezinqubo Ekukhiqizweni Kwebhethri Elingashajwa Kabusha

Izinto Ezibalulekile Zokusetshenziswa

I-Lithium: Ingxenye ebalulekile yamabhethri ashajwayo

I-Lithium idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwamabhethri aphinde ashajwe. Ngibonile ukuthi isisindo sayo esilula nesinamandla aphezulu senza kube yinto ebalulekile kumabhethri e-lithium-ion. Kodwa-ke, ukumbiwa kwe-lithium kuza nezinselele zemvelo. Izinqubo zokukhipha zivame ukuholela ekungcolisweni komoya namanzi, ukuwohloka komhlaba, kanye nokungcoliswa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ezifundeni ezifana neDemocratic Republic of the Congo, ukumbiwa kwe-cobalt kubangele umonakalo omkhulu emvelweni, kuyilapho ukuhlaziywa kwesathelayithi eCuba kwembule amahektha angaphezu kwama-570 omhlaba ongenalutho ngenxa yemisebenzi yokumbiwa kwe-nickel ne-cobalt. Naphezu kwalezi zinselele, i-lithium isalokhu iyitshe lesisekelo lobuchwepheshe bebhethri.

I-Cobalt ne-nickel: Isihluthulelo sokusebenza kahle kwebhethri

I-Cobalt ne-nickel zibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwebhethri. Lezi zinsimbi zithuthukisa ubuningi bamandla kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside, okwenza zibe zibalulekile ezinhlelweni ezifana nezimoto zikagesi. Ngikuthola kuthakazelisa ukuthi lezi zinto zinegalelo kanjani ekusebenzeni kahle kwamabhethri ashajwayo enziwa emhlabeni jikelele. Noma kunjalo, ukukhishwa kwawo kudinga amandla amaningi futhi kubeka izingozi ezindaweni zemvelo zasendaweni kanye nasemiphakathini. Ukuvuza kwensimbi enobuthi okuvela emisebenzini yezimayini kungalimaza impilo yabantu kanye nemvelo.

I-Graphite nezinye izinto ezisekelayo

I-Graphite isebenza njengezinto eziyinhloko zama-anode ebhethri. Amandla ayo okugcina ama-ion e-lithium kahle ayenza ibe yingxenye ebalulekile. Ezinye izinto, njenge-manganese ne-aluminium, nazo zidlala indima esekelayo ekuthuthukiseni ukuzinza kwebhethri kanye nokuqhuba kwayo. Ngikholwa ukuthi lezi zinto zihlangene ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokusebenza kwamabhethri esimanje.

Izinqubo Eziyinhloko Zokukhiqiza

Ukumbiwa nokuhluzwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa

Ukukhiqizwa kwamabhethri ashajwayo kuqala ngokumba nokucwenga izinto zokusetshenziswa. Lesi sinyathelo sihilela ukukhipha i-lithium, i-cobalt, i-nickel, ne-graphite emhlabeni. Ukuhlanza lezi zinto kuqinisekisa ukuthi ziyahlangabezana nezindinganiso zobumsulwa ezidingekayo ekukhiqizweni kwamabhethri. Nakuba le nqubo idla amandla amaningi, ibeka isisekelo samabhethri asezingeni eliphezulu.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwamaseli kanye nokukhiqizwa kwephakethe lebhethri

Ukuhlanganiswa kwamaseli kuhilela izinyathelo eziningana eziyinkimbinkimbi. Okokuqala, izinto ezisebenzayo zixutshwa ukuze kufezwe ukuvumelana okulungile. Bese kuthi, ama-slurries afakwe kuma-foil ensimbi bese omiswa ukuze kwakhiwe izendlalelo ezivikelayo. Ama-electrode afakwe acindezelwe ngokusebenzisa ikhalenda ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubuningi bamandla. Ekugcineni, ama-electrode ayasikwa, ahlanganiswe ngama-separator, futhi agcwaliswe ngama-electrolyte. Ngithola le nqubo ithakazelisa ngenxa yokunemba kwayo nobunzima bayo.

Izinqubo zokulawula ikhwalithi kanye nokuhlola

Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kuyintoisici esibalulekile sokukhiqizwa kwebhethriIzindlela zokuhlola ezisebenzayo zibalulekile ukuthola amaphutha nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka. Ngiphawulile ukuthi ukulinganisela ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuyinselele enkulu. Amaseli anephutha aphuma efektri angalimaza idumela lenkampani. Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi batshala imali eningi ezinqubweni zokuhlola ukuze balondoloze amazinga aphezulu.

Imiphumela Yezemvelo Nezomnotho Yokukhiqizwa Kwebhethri Elishajwayo

Izinselele Zemvelo

Imithelela yezimayini kanye nokuncipha kwezinsizakusebenza

Ukumba izinto ezifana ne-lithium ne-cobalt kudala izinselele ezinkulu zemvelo. Ngibonile ukuthi ukukhipha i-lithium, isibonelo, kudinga amanzi amaningi—kufika kumathani ayizigidi ezimbili ngethani elilodwa le-lithium. Lokhu kuholele ekunciphiseni okukhulu kwamanzi ezindaweni ezifana ne-South American Lithium Triangle. Imisebenzi yokumba ibhubhisa nezindawo zokuhlala futhi ingcolise imvelo. Amakhemikhali ayingozi asetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhipha angcolisa imithombo yamanzi, ebeka impilo yasemanzini engozini kanye nempilo yabantu. Izithombe zesathelayithi zembula izindawo ezingenalutho ezibangelwa ukumba i-nickel ne-cobalt, ziqokomisa umonakalo wesikhathi eside ezindaweni zemvelo zasendaweni. Le mikhuba ayigcini nje ngokucekela phansi imvelo kodwa futhi isheshisa ukuncipha kwemithombo, iphakamisa ukukhathazeka mayelana nokusimama.

Ukukhathazeka ngokusetshenziswa kabusha kanye nokuphathwa kwemfucuza

Ukuphinda usebenzise amabhethri aphinde ashajwe kuseyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngikuthola kuthakazelisa indlela amabhethri asetshenzisiwe adlula ngayo ezinyathelweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukuqoqwa, ukuhlunga, ukuqhekeka, kanye nokuhlukaniswa, ukuze kutholakale izinsimbi eziyigugu njenge-lithium, i-nickel, ne-cobalt. Naphezu kwale mizamo, amazinga okuphinda usebenzise ahlala ephansi, okuholela ekwandeni kwemfucuza kagesi. Izindlela zokuphinda usebenzise ezingasebenzi kahle zinegalelo ekuchithweni kwezinsiza kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ukusungula izinhlelo zokuphinda usebenzise eziphumelelayo kunganciphisa imfucuza futhi kunciphise isidingo semisebenzi emisha yokumba. Lokhu kuzosiza ekubhekaneni nezinkinga zemvelo ezikhulayo ezihlobene nokukhiqizwa kwamabhethri aphinde ashajwe.

Izici Zezomnotho

Izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nabasebenzi

Ukukhiqizwa kwamabhethri aphinde ashajwe kuhilela izindleko eziphezulu ngenxa yokuthembela ezintweni ezingavamile njenge-lithium, i-cobalt, ne-nickel. Lezi zinto azibizi nje kuphela kodwa futhi zidinga amandla amaningi ukuze zikhishwe futhi zicutshungulwe. Izindleko zabasebenzi zengeza kakhulu ezindlekweni eziphelele, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinemithetho eqinile yokuphepha kanye nemvelo. Ngikholwa ukuthi lezi zici zithonya kakhulu intengo yamabhethri aphinde ashajwe enziwa emhlabeni jikelele. Ukukhathazeka ngokuphepha, njengezingozi zokuqhuma nomlilo, nakho kwandisa izindleko zokukhiqiza, njengoba abakhiqizi kumele batshale imali ezindleleni zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe.

Ukuncintisana komhlaba wonke kanye nezinguquko zokuhweba

Ukuncintisana komhlaba wonke kuholela emisha embonini yamabhethri ashajwayo. Izinkampani zihlala zithuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obusha ukuze zihlale ziphambili. Amasu okubeka amanani kumele azivumelanise ukuze ahlale encintisana emakethe ethonywe ukubambisana okunesu kanye nokwanda kwezindawo. Ngiphawulile ukuthi izimakethe ezisafufusa zidlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni ukuguquguquka kokuhweba. Ukwandisa amandla okukhiqiza ezifundeni ezifana neNyakatho Melika neYurophu akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ukuthembela ekuthengeni kwamanye amazwe kodwa futhi kuhambisana nezinqubomgomo zikahulumeni ezikhuthaza ubuchwepheshe obuluhlaza. Lokhu kudala amathuba okudala imisebenzi kanye nokukhula komnotho.

Imizamo Yokuzinza

Ukuqamba okusha ezindleleni zokukhiqiza ezinobungani nemvelo

Ukusimama sekuyinto eza kuqala ekukhiqizweni kwamabhethri. Ngiyayincoma indlela izinkampani ezisebenzisa ngayo izindlela zokukhiqiza ezinobungani nemvelo ukuze zinciphise umthelela wazo emvelweni. Isibonelo, abanye abakhiqizi manje basebenzisa imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo ukuze banikeze amandla izikhungo zabo. Ukuqamba okusha ekwakhiweni kwamabhethri kugxile nasekunciphiseni isidingo sezinto ezingavamile, okwenza ukukhiqizwa kuqhubeke isikhathi eside. Le mizamo ayigcini nje ngokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kodwa futhi inegalelo emnothweni ojikelezayo ngokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwezinto.

Izinqubomgomo ezikhuthaza imikhuba yomnotho ojikelezayo

Ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke basebenzisa izinqubomgomo zokukhuthaza imikhuba esimeme ekukhiqizweni kwamabhethri. Imiyalelo yomthwalo wemfanelo owengeziwe womkhiqizi (i-EPR) ibamba abakhiqizi umthwalo wemfanelo wokuphatha amabhethri ekupheleni komjikelezo wabo wokuphila. Izinhloso zokuvuselela kabusha kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kocwaningo nentuthuko kusekela ngokwengeziwe lezi zinhlelo. Ngikholwa ukuthi lezi zinqubomgomo zizosheshisa ukwamukelwa kwemikhuba yezomnotho ojikelezayo, ziqinisekise ukuthi amabhethri aphinde ashajwe enziwe namuhla anomphumela ophansi wemvelo. Ngokubeka phambili ukusimama, imboni ingafinyelela ukukhula kwesikhathi eside ngenkathi ibhekana nezinkinga zemvelo.

Amathrendi Esikhathi Esizayo kuUkukhiqizwa Kwebhethri Elingashajwa Kabusha

Intuthuko Yezobuchwepheshe

Amabhethri e-Solid-state kanye namandla awo

Ngibona amabhethri e-solid-state njengoshintsho olukhulu embonini. Lawa mabhethri athatha indawo yama-electrolyte acwebezelayo ngawaqinile, anikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile. Ithebula elingezansi liqokomisa umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwamabhethri e-solid-state nawamabhethri e-lithium-ion endabuko:

Lawa mabhethri athembisa ukushaja okusheshayo nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zawo zokukhiqiza eziphakeme zisalokhu ziyinselele. Ngikholwa ukuthi intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza izowenza atholakale kalula esikhathini esizayo.

Ukuthuthukiswa kokuminyana kwamandla kanye nesivinini sokushaja

Imboni yenza intuthuko ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwebhethri. Ngithola intuthuko elandelayo iphawuleka kakhulu:

• Amabhethri e-lithium-sulfur asebenzisa ama-cathode esibabule alula, okwandisa ubuningi bamandla.
• Ama-anode e-silicon kanye nemiklamo ye-solid-state kuguqula isitoreji samandla sezimoto zikagesi (ama-EV).
• Iziteshi zokushaja ezinamandla aphezulu kanye namashaja e-silicon carbide anciphisa kakhulu izikhathi zokushaja.
• Ukushaja okuqondiswayo kuvumela ama-EV ukuthi azinzise amagridi kagesi futhi asebenze njengemithombo yamandla eyisipele.

Lezi zinto ezintsha ziqinisekisa ukuthi amabhethri ashajwayo enziwe namuhla asebenza kahle kakhulu futhi anokuguquguquka kunanini ngaphambili.

Ukwandiswa Kwamandla Okukhiqiza

Amafektri amasha amakhulu kanye nezindawo emhlabeni jikelele

Isidingo samabhethri siholele ekukhuleni okukhulu kokwakhiwa kwefektri enkulu. Izinkampani ezifana neTesla kanye ne-Samsung SDI zitshala imali eningi ezindaweni ezintsha. Isibonelo:

1. I-Tesla yabela u-$1.8 billion ku-R&D ngo-2015 ukuthuthukisa amaseli e-lithium-ion athuthukile.
2. I-Samsung SDI yandise ukusebenza kwayo eHungary, eShayina nase-US

Lokhu kutshalwa kwezimali kuhlose ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo sama-EV, ama-electronics aphathekayo, kanye nokugcinwa kwamandla avuselelekayo.

Ukuhlukahluka kwesifunda ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi zochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla

Ngiphawulile ushintsho oluya ekukhiqizweni kwamabhethri kwesifunda. Leli cebo linciphisa ukuthembela ezifundeni ezithile futhi liqinisa izintambo zokuhlinzeka. Ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke bakhuthaza ukukhiqiza kwendawo ukuthi kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha kwamandla futhi kudalwe imisebenzi. Lo mkhuba uqinisekisa imakethe yamabhethri yomhlaba wonke eqinile futhi elinganiselayo.

Ukusimama njengento eza kuqala

Ukusetshenziswa okwandisiwe kwezinto ezisetshenzisiwe

Ukuvuselela kudlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwamabhethri okusimeme. Nakuba abaningi bekholelwa ukuthi amabhethri e-lithium-ion angu-5% kuphela asetshenziswa kabusha, izinzuzo zomnotho zibangela ushintsho. Ukuvuselela izinsimbi ezibalulekile njenge-lithium ne-cobalt kunciphisa isidingo semisebenzi emisha yokumba. Ngibona lokhu njengesinyathelo esibalulekile sokunciphisa umthelela emvelweni.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezisebenzisa amandla aluhlaza

Abakhiqizi basebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo ukuze banikeze amandla izikhungo zabo. Lolu shintsho lunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni futhi luhambisana nemigomo yokuzinza komhlaba wonke. Ngiyayincoma indlela le mizamo enikela ngayo emnothweni ojikelezayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amabhethri ashajwayo enziwe namuhla asekela ikusasa eliluhlaza.

Amabhethri aphinde ashajwe akhiqizwa kakhulu e-Asia, kanti iNyakatho Melika naseYurophu zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngibonile ukuthi inqubo yokukhiqiza incike ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ezibalulekile njenge-lithium ne-cobalt, kanye namasu okukhiqiza athuthukile. Kodwa-ke, izinselele ezifana nezindleko eziphakeme eziqinile, ukuthembela ezintweni ezingavamile, kanye nezingozi zokuphepha kokuhlinzekwa ziyaqhubeka. Izinqubomgomo zikahulumeni, kufaka phakathi amazinga okuphepha kanye neziqondiso zokuvuselela kabusha, zakha isiqondiso semboni. Imizamo yokuzinza, njengokwamukela amandla avuselelekayo kanye nemikhuba yezimayini enobungani nemvelo, iguqula ikusasa lamabhethri aphinde ashajwe enziwa namuhla. Lezi zindlela ziqokomisa ushintsho oluthembisayo oluya emisha kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo wezemvelo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yimaphi amazwe ayinhloko akhiqiza amabhethri ashajwayo?

I-China, iNingizimu Korea, neJapan zibusa ekukhiqizweni kwamabhethri emhlabeni jikelele. I-United States neYurophu zandisa imisebenzi yazo ngezikhungo nezinqubomgomo ezintsha. Lezi zifunda zivelele ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, ukufinyelela ezintweni zokusetshenziswa, kanye nezintambo zokuhlinzeka eziqinile.

Kungani i-lithium ibalulekile kumabhethri aphinde ashajwe?

I-Lithium inikeza amandla amaningi kanye nezakhiwo ezilula, okwenza ibaluleke kakhulu kumabhethri e-lithium-ion. Izici zayo ezihlukile zivumela ukugcinwa kwamandla okusebenzayo, okubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezifana nezimoto zikagesi kanye nezinto zikagesi eziphathwayo.

Abakhiqizi baqinisekisa kanjani ikhwalithi yebhethri?

Abakhiqizi basebenzisa izinqubo zokulawula ikhwalithi eziqinile, okuhlanganisa ukutholwa kwamaphutha nokuhlolwa kokusebenza. Izindlela zokuhlola ezithuthukisiwe ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokuphepha, okubalulekile ekugcineni ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende nokuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zemboni.

Yiziphi izinselele ezibhekene nemboni yamabhethri?

Imboni ibhekene nezinselele ezifana nezindleko eziphezulu zezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukukhathazeka ngezemvelo okuvela ezimayini, kanye nezingozi zochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla. Abakhiqizi babhekana nalezi zinkinga ngokusebenzisa izinto ezintsha, izinhlelo zokuvuselela kabusha, kanye nokwehlukahluka kwezifunda.

Ukusimama kubumba kanjani ukukhiqizwa kwebhethri?

Ukusimama kuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwezindlela ezinobungani nemvelo, njengokusebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo emafektri kanye nezinto zokuvuselela kabusha. Le mizamo inciphisa umthelela wemvelo futhi ihambisana nemigomo yomhlaba wonke yekusasa eliluhlaza.