Ngibonile ukuthi amabhethri aphinde ashajwe akhiqizwa kakhulu emazweni afana ne-China, i-South Korea, ne-Japan. Lezi zizwe zihamba phambili ngenxa yezinto ezimbalwa ezizenza zihluke.

• Ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, njengokuthuthukiswa kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion kanye ne-solid-state, kuguqule ukusebenza kwebhethri.
• Ukwesekwa kukahulumeni kwemiklamo yamandla avuselelekayo kudale indawo ekahle yokukhiqiza.
• Ukwamukelwa okwandayo kwezimoto zikagesi kuqhubekisele phambili isidingo, njengoba ohulumeni benikeza izikhuthazo zokugqugquzela lolu shintsho.

Lezi zakhi, ezihlanganiswe namaketanga aqinile wokunikezela kanye nokufinyelela ezintweni ezingavuthiwe, zichaza ukuthi kungani la mazwe ehola imboni.

Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile

• I-China, i-South Korea, ne-Japan yenza amabhethri amaningi ashajwa kabusha. Banamathuluzi athuthukile kanye nezinhlelo eziqinile zokuhlinzeka.
• I-US ne-Canada benza amabhethri engeziwe manje. Bagxila ekusebenziseni izinto zokwakha zendawo kanye nezimboni.
• Ukuba ne-eco-friendly kubaluleke kakhulu kubakhi bebhethri. Basebenzisa amandla aluhlaza nezindlela eziphephile zokusiza iplanethi.
• Ukugaywa kabusha kusiza ukusika imfucuza nokusebenzisa izinto ezintsha ezimbalwa. Lokhu kusekela ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwezinsiza ngendlela ehlakaniphile.
• Ubuchwepheshe obusha, njengamabhethri esimo esiqinile, buzokwenza amabhethri aphephe futhi abe ngcono esikhathini esizayo.

Ama-Global Manufacturing Hubs Amabhethri Aphinde Ashajwe

Ubuholi Be-Asia Ekukhiqizeni Ibhethri

Ukubusa kweChina ekukhiqizeni ibhethri ye-lithium-ion

Ngibonile ukuthi i-China ihola imakethe yomhlaba wonke yamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Ngo-2022, izwe lahlinzeka ngo-77% wamabhethri aphinde ashajwa emhlabeni. Lokhu kubusa kusuka ekufinyeleleni okubanzi kwezinto zokusetshenziswa njenge-lithium ne-cobalt, kuhlanganiswe namandla okukhiqiza athuthukile. Uhulumeni waseShayina uphinde watshala imali eningi ezimbonini zamandla avuselelekayo nezisebenza ngogesi, wakha i-ecosystem eqinile yokukhiqiza amabhethri. Izinga lokukhiqiza e-China liqinisekisa ukuthi amabhethri angashajwa kabusha enziwe lapha ahlala ebiza futhi etholakala kabanzi.

Intuthuko yaseNingizimu Korea kubuchwepheshe bebhethri obusebenza kakhulu

I-South Korea idwebe i-niche ekukhiqizeni amabhethri asebenza kahle kakhulu. Izinkampani ezifana ne-LG Energy Solution kanye ne-Samsung SDI zigxila ekuthuthukiseni amabhethri anamandla amakhulu namandla okushaja ngokushesha. Ngikuthola kuhlaba umxhwele ukugcizelela kwabo ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni, njengoba kugqugquzela ukuqanjwa kabusha embonini. Ubungcweti beSouth Korea kuma-electronics abathengi buqhubeka buqinisa isikhundla sayo njengomholi kubuchwepheshe bebhethri.

Idumela lase-Japan lekhwalithi nokuqanjwa kabusha

I-Japan izakhele udumo ngokukhiqizaibhethri elishajekayo lekhwalithi ephezulus. Abakhiqizi abafana nePanasonic babeka phambili ukunemba nokuthembeka, okwenza imikhiqizo yabo ifuneke kakhulu. Ngiyakuncoma ukuzinikela kwe-Japan ekusunguleni izinto, ikakhulukazi ocwaningweni lwebhethri lesimo esiqinile. Lokhu kugxila kubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-Japan ihlala ingumdlali obalulekile emakethe yamabhethri yomhlaba wonke.

Indima Ekhulayo YaseNyakatho Melika

Ukugxila kwe-United States ekukhiqizeni ibhethri lasekhaya

I-United States iyikhulise kakhulu indima yayo ekukhiqizweni kwebhethri kule minyaka eyishumi edlule. Ukunyuka kwesidingo sezimoto zikagesi kanye nesitoreji samandla avuselelekayo kuhole lokhu kukhula. Uhulumeni wase-US uye wasekela imboni ngemizamo kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali, okuholela ekuphindaphindeni kwamandla kagesi avuselelekayo kusukela ngo-2014 kuya ku-2023. I-California ne-Texas manje zihamba phambili emandleni okugcina amabhethri, ngezinhlelo zokunweba ngokuqhubekayo. Ngikholelwa ukuthi lokhu kugxila ekukhiqizweni kwasekhaya kuzonciphisa ukuthembela ekuthengeni impahla evela kwamanye amazwe futhi kuqinise isikhundla se-US ezimakethe zomhlaba.

Iqhaza laseCanada ekuhlinzekeni nasekukhiqizeni impahla eluhlaza

I-Canada idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlinzekeni ngezinto zokusetshenziswa njenge-nickel ne-cobalt, ebalulekile kumabhethri aphinde ashajwe enziwe emhlabeni wonke. Izwe seliqalile futhi ukutshala izimali ezikhungweni zokukhiqiza amabhethri ukuze lisebenzise ingcebo yalo yezinsiza. Ngibona imizamo yaseCanada njengomnyakazo wamasu wokuzihlanganisa ngokuqhubekayo ochungechungeni lokuhlinzekwa kwebhethri emhlabeni jikelele.

Imboni YaseYurophu Ekhulayo Yebhethri

Ukukhuphuka kwama-gigafactories eJalimane naseSweden

I-Europe isivele njengesizinda esikhulayo sokukhiqiza amabhethri, iJalimane neSweden zihola phambili. Ama-Gigafactory kula mazwe agxile ekuhlangabezaneni nesidingo esikhulayo sezimoto zikagesi. Ngithola isikali salezi zikhungo sihlaba umxhwele, njengoba zihlose ukunciphisa ukuncika kweYurophu ekuthengeni impahla evela e-Asia. Lezi zimboni ziphinde zigcizelele ukusimama, ukuhambisana nezinjongo zemvelo zaseYurophu.

Izinqubomgomo ze-EU ezikhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwendawo

I-European Union isebenzise izinqubomgomo zokuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwebhethri lasendaweni. Imizamo efana ne-European Battery Alliance ihlose ukuvikela impahla eluhlaza futhi ikhuthaze izinqubo zomnotho eziyindilinga. Ngikholelwa ukuthi le mizamo ngeke nje ithuthukise amandla okukhiqiza e-Europe kodwa futhi izoqinisekisa ukusimama kwesikhathi eside embonini.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Nezinqubo Ekukhiqizeni Ibhethri Elishajwa kabusha

Izinto Ezingavuthiwe Ezibalulekile

I-Lithium: Ingxenye ebalulekile yamabhethri angashajwa

I-lithium idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni amabhethri aphinde ashajwe. Ngibonile ukuthi isisindo sayo esingasindi namandla aphezulu siyenza ibaluleke kakhulu kumabhethri e-lithium-ion. Kodwa-ke, i-lithium yezimayini iza nezinselelo zemvelo. Izinqubo zokumba ngokuvamile ziholela ekungcoleni komoya namanzi, ukucekelwa phansi komhlaba, nokungcoliswa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ezifundeni ezifana neDemocratic Republic of the Congo, ukumba i-cobalt kudale umonakalo omkhulu emvelweni, kanti ukuhlaziya ngesathelayithi eCuba kwembule amahektha angaphezu kuka-570 omhlaba ongenalutho ngenxa yezimayini ze-nickel ne-cobalt. Naphezu kwalezi zinselele, i-lithium isalokhu iyisisekelo sobuchwepheshe bebhethri.

I-cobalt ne-nickel: Ukhiye ekusebenzeni kwebhethri

I-cobalt ne-nickel kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwebhethri. Lezi zinsimbi zithuthukisa ukuminyana kwamandla nokuphila isikhathi eside, okuwenza abaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezifana nezimoto zikagesi. Ngikuthola kuthakazelisa ukuthi lezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo zinegalelo kanjani ekusebenzeni kahle kwamabhethri aphinde ashajwe enziwe emhlabeni jikelele. Kodwa-ke, ukukhishwa kwazo kudla amandla futhi kubeka engcupheni imvelo yendawo kanye nemiphakathi. Ukuvuza kwensimbi enobuthi okuvela emisebenzini yezimayini kungalimaza kokubili impilo yabantu kanye nemvelo.

I-graphite nezinye izinto ezisekelayo

I-graphite isebenza njengento eyinhloko yama-anode ebhethri. Ikhono layo lokugcina i-lithium ion liyenza ibe yingxenye ebalulekile. Ezinye izinto, ezifana ne-manganese ne-aluminium, nazo zidlala izindima ezisekelayo ekuthuthukiseni ukuqina kwebhethri nokuhamba kahle. Ngikholwa ukuthi lezi zinto zokusebenza zihlangene ziqinisekisa ukwethembeka nokusebenza kwamabhethri esimanje.

Izinqubo Zokukhiqiza Ezibalulekile

Ukumbiwa kanye nokucwengisiswa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe

Ukukhiqizwa kwamabhethri ashajwa kabusha kuqala ngezimayini kanye nokucwengisiswa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe. Lesi sinyathelo sibandakanya ukukhipha i-lithium, i-cobalt, i-nickel, ne-graphite emhlabeni. Ukucwenga lezi zinto kuqinisekisa ukuthi zihlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuhlanzeka ezidingekayo ekukhiqizeni amabhethri. Nakuba le nqubo idla amandla kagesi, ibeka isisekelo samabhethri ekhwalithi ephezulu.

Ukuhlanganiswa kweseli nokukhiqizwa kwephakethe lebhethri

Ukuhlanganiswa kweseli kuhilela izinyathelo ezimbalwa eziyinkimbinkimbi. Okokuqala, izinto ezisebenzayo zixutshwe ukuze kuzuzwe ukuvumelana okulungile. Khona-ke, ama-slurries agcotshwa ephepheni lensimbi bese omiswa ukuze kwakheke izingqimba zokuzivikela. Ama-electrode amboziwe acindezelwa ngekhalenda ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuminyana kwamandla. Ekugcineni, ama-electrode ayasikwa, ahlanganiswe nezihlukanisi, futhi agcwaliswe ngama-electrolyte. Ngithola le nqubo ihlaba umxhwele ngenxa yokunemba nokuba yinkimbinkimbi kwayo.

Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kanye nezinqubo zokuhlola

Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi aisici esibalulekile sokwenziwa kwebhethri. Izindlela zokuhlola ezisebenzayo zibalulekile ukuze kutholwe amaphutha nokuqinisekisa ukwethembeka. Ngiqaphele ukuthi ukulinganisa ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuyinselele enkulu. Amaseli angasebenzi aphunyuka efekthri angonakalisa isithunzi senkampani. Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi batshala imali kakhulu ezinkambisweni zokuhlola ukuze kugcinwe amazinga aphezulu.

Imithelela Yemvelo Nezomnotho Yokukhiqiza Ibhethri Elishajwa Kabusha

Izinselele Zemvelo

Imithelela yezimayini kanye nokuncipha kwezinsiza

Ukumba izimayini ezifana ne-lithium ne-cobalt kudala izinselelo ezibalulekile zemvelo. Ngiye ngaphawula ukuthi ukukhishwa kwe-lithium, ngokwesibonelo, kudinga amanzi amaningi—afinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezimbili ngethani elilodwa nje le-lithium. Lokhu kuholele ekuncipheni okukhulu kwamanzi ezifundeni ezifana neSouth America Lithium Triangle. Imisebenzi yezimayini iphinde icekele phansi izindawo zokuhlala futhi ingcolise imvelo. Amakhemikhali ayingozi asetshenziswa lapho kukhandwa angcolisa imithombo yamanzi, abeke engozini ukuphila kwasemanzini nempilo yabantu. Isithombe sesathelayithi sibonisa indawo engenalutho ebangelwa imayini ye-nickel ne-cobalt, egqamisa umonakalo wesikhathi eside ku-ecosystem yasendaweni. Le mikhuba ayigcini nje ngokucekela phansi imvelo kodwa futhi isheshisa ukuqedwa kwezinsiza, iphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngokusimama.

Izinkinga zokugaywa kabusha kanye nokuphathwa kwemfucuza

Ukugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri aphinde ashajwe kusewuhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi. Ngikuthola kuthakazelisa ukuthi amabhethri asetshenzisiwe athatha kanjani izinyathelo eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukuqoqwa, ukuhlunga, ukuhlakazwa, nokuhlukaniswa, ukuze kubuyiselwe izinsimbi ezibalulekile njenge-lithium, nickel, ne-cobalt. Ngaphandle kwale mizamo, amazinga okugaywa kabusha ahlala ephansi, okuholela ekwandeni kukadoti kagesi. Izindlela zokubuyisela kabusha ezingasebenzi kahle zinomthelela ekumoshweni kwezinsiza kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ukusungula izinhlelo ezisebenza kahle zokugaywa kabusha kunganciphisa ukumosha futhi kunciphise isidingo semisebenzi emisha yezimayini. Lokhu kuzosiza ukubhekana nokukhathazeka kwemvelo okukhulayo okuhlobene nokukhiqizwa kwebhethri elishajekayo.

Izici Zezomnotho

Izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nabasebenzi

Ukukhiqizwa kwamabhethri aphinde ashajwe kubandakanya izindleko eziphezulu ngenxa yokuthembela ezintweni ezingavamile njenge-lithium, i-cobalt, ne-nickel. Lezi zinto azibizi nje kuphela kodwa futhi zidinga amandla ukuze zikhishwe futhi zicutshungulwe. Izindleko zabasebenzi zengeza futhi kuzo zonke izindleko, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezinemithetho eqinile yokuphepha nemvelo. Ngikholwa ukuthi lezi zici zinethonya kakhulu entengo yamabhethri angashajwa kabusha enziwe emhlabeni jikelele. Ukukhathazeka ngokuphepha, njengezingozi zokuqhuma nomlilo, nakho kwenyusa izindleko zokukhiqiza, njengoba abakhiqizi kufanele batshale imali ezinyathelweni zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe.

Ukuncintisana komhlaba wonke kanye namandla okuhweba

Ukuncintisana komhlaba wonke kuletha ukuqanjwa okusha embonini yebhethri elishajekayo. Izinkampani zihlala zithuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obusha ukuze zihlale ziphambili. Amasu entengo kufanele azivumelanise ukuze ahlale enokuncintisana emakethe ethonywa ukubambisana okuhleliwe nokwandiswa kwendawo. Ngiqaphele ukuthi izimakethe ezisafufusa zidlala indima ebalulekile ekubumbeni ukuhwebelana. Ukwandisa umthamo wokukhiqiza ezifundeni ezifana neNyakatho Melika kanye ne-Europe akunciphisi nje kuphela ukuthembela ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe kodwa futhi kuhambisana nezinqubomgomo zikahulumeni ezikhuthaza ubuchwepheshe obuluhlaza. Lokhu kudala amathuba okudala amathuba emisebenzi kanye nokukhula komnotho.

Imizamo Yokusimama

Izindlela ezintsha zokukhiqiza eco-friendly

Ukuzinza sekuyinto ehamba phambili ekukhiqizeni amabhethri. Ngincoma indlela izinkampani ezisebenzisa ngayo izindlela zokukhiqiza ezilungele imvelo ukuze zinciphise umthelela wazo kwezemvelo. Isibonelo, abanye abakhiqizi manje basebenzisa imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo ukuze banikeze amandla izakhiwo zabo. Ukuqamba okusha ekwakhiweni kwebhethri nakho kugxile ekwehliseni isidingo sezinto ezingavamile, okwenza ukukhiqiza kuqhubeke. Le mizamo ayigcini nje ngokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kodwa futhi inomthelela emnothweni oyindilinga ngokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwezinto.

Izinqubomgomo ezithuthukisa izinqubo zomnotho eziyindilinga

Ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke basebenzisa izinqubomgomo zokukhuthaza izinqubo ezisimeme ekukhiqizeni amabhethri. Iziyalezo zesibopho esingeziwe somkhiqizi (EPR) zenza abakhiqizi baziphendulele ngokuphatha amabhethri ekupheleni komjikelezo wabo wempilo. Okuhlosiwe kokwenziwa kabusha nokuxhaswa ngezimali zocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kusekela futhi lezi zinhlelo. Ngikholwa ukuthi lezi zinqubomgomo zizosheshisa ukwamukelwa kwezinqubo zomnotho eziyindilinga, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amabhethri ashajwa kabusha enziwe namuhla anomumo oncishisiwe wemvelo. Ngokubeka phambili ukusimama, imboni ingafinyelela ukukhula kwesikhathi eside kuyilapho ibhekana nokukhathazeka kwemvelo.

Ikusasa Amathrendi kuUkukhiqiza Ibhethri Ekwazi ukushajwa

Intuthuko Yezobuchwepheshe

Amabhethri esimo esiqinile namandla awo

Ngibona amabhethri e-solid state njengento eshintsha umdlalo embonini. Lawa mabhethri ashintsha ama-electrolyte anguketshezi ngawaqinile, anikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile. Ithebula elingezansi ligqamisa umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion yesimo esiqinile nendabuko:

Lawa mabhethri athembisa ukushaja okusheshayo nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe. Nokho, izindleko zabo zokukhiqiza eziphakeme zihlala ziyinselele. Ngikholelwa ukuthi ukuthuthuka kwamasu okukhiqiza kuzowenza afinyeleleke kakhulu esikhathini esizayo.

Ukuthuthukiswa kokuminyana kwamandla nesivinini sokushaja

Imboni yenza amagxathu ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwebhethri. Ngithola ukuthuthuka okulandelayo kuphawuleka ngokukhethekile:

• Amabhethri e-lithium-sulphur asebenzisa i-lightweight sulfur cathodes, akhuphula ukuminyana kwamandla.
• Ama-Silicon anode kanye nemiklamo ye-solid-state iguqula indawo yokugcina amandla ezimotweni zikagesi (EVs).
• Iziteshi zokushaja ezinamandla amakhulu namashaja e-silicon carbide anciphisa izikhathi zokushaja kakhulu.
• Ukushaja okuphindwe kabili kuvumela ama-EV ukuthi azinzise amagridi kagesi futhi asebenze njengemithombo yamandla eyisipele.

Lezi zinto ezintsha ziqinisekisa ukuthi amabhethri ashajwa kabusha enziwe namuhla asebenza kahle kakhulu futhi enza izinto ezihlukahlukene kunangaphambili.

Ukunwetshwa Kwekhono Lokukhiqiza

Ama-gigafactory amasha nezinsiza emhlabeni jikelele

Isidingo samabhethri siholele ekwakhiweni kwe-gigafactory. Izinkampani ezinjengoTesla kanye ne-Samsung SDI zitshala imali eningi ezikhungweni ezintsha. Ngokwesibonelo:

1. U-Tesla wabele ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.8 ku-R&D ngo-2015 ukuthuthukisa amaseli e-lithium-ion asethuthukile.
2. AbakwaSamsung SDI bandise ukusebenza kwabo eHungary, China nase-US

Lokhu kutshalwa kwezimali kuhlose ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo sama-EV, izinto zikagesi eziphathwayo, kanye nokugcinwa kwamandla avuselelekayo.

Ukuhlukahluka kwesifunda ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi be-supply chain

Ngiqaphele ukushintshela ekuhlukeni kwesifunda ekukhiqizeni amabhethri. Leli su linciphisa ukuthembela ezifundeni ezithile futhi liqinisa amaketanga okuhlinzeka. Ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke bakhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwendawo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuvikeleka kukagesi nokudala imisebenzi. Lo mkhuba uqinisekisa imakethe yebhethri yomhlaba wonke eqinile futhi elinganiselayo.

Ukuzinza njengokubalulekile

Ukwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezigaywe kabusha

Ukugaywa kabusha kudlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni ibhethri esimeme. Nakuba abaningi bekholelwa ukuthi u-5% kuphela wamabhethri e-lithium-ion agaywa kabusha, izikhuthazo zezomnotho zishintshashintsha. Ukugaywa kabusha kwezinsimbi ezibalulekile njenge-lithium ne-cobalt kunciphisa isidingo semisebenzi emisha yezimayini. Lokhu ngikubona njengesinyathelo esibalulekile sokunciphisa umthelela wendawo.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwamafekthri asebenzisa amandla aluhlaza

Abakhiqizi basebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo ukuze banikeze amandla izakhiwo zabo. Lolu shintsho lwehlisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni futhi luqondanise nezinhloso zokusimama komhlaba. Ngiyayincoma indlela le mizamo enomthelela ngayo emnothweni oyindilinga, iqinisekisa ukuthi amabhethri ashajwa kabusha enziwe namuhla asekela ikusasa eliluhlaza.

Amabhethri aphinde ashajwe akhiqizwa e-Asia, kanti iNyakatho Melika kanye ne-Europe zidlala izindima ezibalulekile. Ngibonile ukuthi inqubo yokukhiqiza incike ezintweni ezingavuthiwe ezifana ne-lithium ne-cobalt, kanye namasu okukhiqiza athuthukile. Kodwa-ke, izinselele ezifana nezindleko eziphezulu ezingashintshi, ukuthembela ezintweni ezingavamile, kanye nezingozi zokuhlinzeka ngezokuphepha ziyaqhubeka. Izinqubomgomo zikahulumeni, okuhlanganisa amazinga okuphepha nemihlahlandlela yokugaya kabusha, zilolonga indlela yomkhakha. Imizamo yokusimama, njengokwamukela amandla avuselelekayo kanye nezinqubo zokumba izimayini ezinobungani nemvelo, ziguqula ikusasa lamabhethri aphinde ashajwe enziwe namuhla. Lawa mathrendi agqamisa ushintsho oluthembisayo olubheke ezenzweni ezintsha kanye nesibopho sezemvelo.

FAQ

Imaphi amazwe amakhulu akhiqiza amabhethri aphinde ashajwe?

I-China, i-South Korea, ne-Japan yizona ezihamba phambili ekukhiqizeni amabhethri emhlabeni jikelele. I-United States ne-Europe andisa izindima zabo ngezikhungo nezinqubomgomo ezintsha. Lezi zifunda zihamba kahle kakhulu ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obuphambili, ukufinyelela ezintweni ezingavuthiwe, namaketanga aqinile wokuhlinzeka.

Kungani i-lithium ibalulekile kumabhethri aphinde ashajwe?

I-Lithium inikeza amandla aphezulu aphezulu kanye nezakhiwo ezingasindi, okuyenza ibaluleke kumabhethri e-lithium-ion. Izici zayo ezihlukile zenza ukugcinwa kwamandla okusebenzayo, okubalulekile ezinhlelweni ezifana nezimoto zikagesi nezinto zikagesi eziphathwayo.

Abakhiqizi baqinisekisa kanjani ikhwalithi yebhethri?

Abakhiqizi basebenzisa izinqubo eziqinile zokulawula ikhwalithi, okuhlanganisa ukutholwa kokukhubazeka nokuhlolwa kokusebenza. Izindlela zokuhlola ezithuthukile ziqinisekisa ukwethembeka nokuphepha, okubalulekile ekugcineni ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende nokuhlangabezana namazinga embonini.

Yiziphi izinselelo imboni yebhethri ebhekene nazo?

Imboni ibhekene nezinselelo ezifana nezindleko eziphezulu zempahla esetshenziswayo, ukukhathazeka kwezemvelo okuvela ezimayini, kanye nobungozi bokuthengwa kwempahla. Abakhiqizi babhekana nalezi zinkinga ngokusebenzisa izinto ezintsha, izinhlelo zokuvuselela kabusha, kanye nokuhlukahluka kwesifunda.

Ukusimama kubumba kanjani ukukhiqizwa kwebhethri?

Ukuzinza kuqhuba ukwamukelwa kwezindlela ezilungele imvelo, njengokusebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo ezimbonini nezinto zokugaywa kabusha. Le mizamo inciphisa umthelela wendawo futhi ihambisane nemigomo yomhlaba wonke yekusasa eliluhlaza.