Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Amaseli e-zinc-carboningenye yezinketho zebhethri ezingabizi kakhulu, ezibiza phakathi$0.20and$1.00 namuhla, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu kumadivayisi angadingi amanzi amaningi.
• Ngokomlando, la mabhethri agcine amanani aphansi ngenxa yezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezisebenzayo kanye nokutholakala kwezinto ezingabizi njenge-zinc.
• Naphezu kokuncintisana kwamabhethri e-alkaline kanye ne-lithium, amaseli e-zinc-carbon asathandwa ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwezindleko zawo kumadivayisi okunika amandla njengezilawuli ezikude kanye namawashi.
• Ubulula bamabhethri e-zinc-carbon kwenza kube lula ukuwasebenzisa kabusha, okufaka isandla ekukhangeni kwawo kwemvelo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo zamabhethri eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
• Ukuqonda izici ezithonya izindleko zamaseli e-zinc-carbon, njengokutholakala kwezinto kanye nesidingo semakethe, kungasiza abathengi ukuthi benze izinqumo zokuthenga ezinolwazi.
• Amabhethri e-zinc-carbon awakwazi ukushajwa kabusha, ngakho-ke afaneleka kakhulu kumadivayisi adinga amandla amancane kakhulu isikhathi eside, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ayasebenza futhi athembekile.

Ingakanani Intengo Yeseli Yekhabhoni YezinkiNgokomlando Nanamuhla

Izitayela Zamanani Zomlando

Amaseli e-zinc-carbon anomlando omude wokuthengeka kalula. Lapho uGeorges Leclanché ethula iseli lokuqala le-zinc-carbon ngo-1866, kwaphawula ukuguquka kwezixazululo zamandla eziphathwayo. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, la mabhethri atholakala kabanzi, ngamanani aphansi njengesenti elilodwa ngeseli ngalinye. Lokhu kubiza okuphansi kwawenza afinyeleleka emakhaya nasemabhizinisini ngokufanayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, intuthuko ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza kanye nokuthola izinto zokwakha yasiza ekugcineni ukuthengeka kwawo. Ngisho nalapho kuvela ezinye ubuchwepheshe bebhethri, amaseli e-zinc-carbon ahlala eyindlela engabizi kakhulu kubathengi.

Ukuthengeka kwamaseli e-zinc-carbon kwavelela uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri. Isibonelo, amabhethri e-alkaline, anikeza amandla amaningi kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside, abelokhu ebiza kakhulu. Lo mehluko wamanani uqinisekisile ukuthi amaseli e-zinc-carbon agcina indawo yawo emakethe, ikakhulukazi kumadivayisi angasebenzisi amanzi amaningi. Izitayela zawo zamanani zomlando zibonisa ukugxila okuqhubekayo ekusebenzeni kahle kwezindleko, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuthembekile kokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke.

Amanani Amanje kanye Nezici Ezithonyayo

Namuhla, izindleko zamaseli e-zinc-carbon zisukela ku-$0.20to$1.00 ngeseli, kuye ngohlobo, usayizi, kanye nokupakishwa. Lolu hlu lwamanani lubagcina bencintisana emakethe, ikakhulukazi kubathengi abafuna izixazululo zamandla ezomnotho. Izici eziningana zithonya la manani. Izindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo, njenge-zinc kanye ne-manganese dioxide, zidlala indima ebalulekile. Ukuguquguquka kokutholakala kwalezi zinto zokusetshenziswa kungathinta izindleko zokukhiqiza, futhi ngenxa yalokho, amanani okuthengisa.

Ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza nakho kuthinta izindleko. Izinkampani ezinemigqa yokukhiqiza ethuthukisiwe, njengeJohnson New Eletek Battery Co., Ltd., zingakhiqiza amabhethri asezingeni eliphezulu ngezindleko eziphansi. Izinqubo zazo ezizenzakalelayo kanye nabasebenzi abanamakhono banikela emananini aqhubekayo ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ikhwalithi. Isidingo semakethe sibumba intengo kakhulu. Amaseli e-zinc-carbon ahlala ethandwa kakhulu ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla aphansi, eqinisekisa isidingo esiqhubekayo naphezu kokuncintisana kwamabhethri e-alkaline kanye ne-lithium.

Uma kuqhathaniswa amaseli e-zinc-carbon nezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri, ukuthengeka kwawo akunakuqhathaniswa. Amabhethri e-alkaline, yize enikeza ukusebenza okungcono, abiza kakhulu. Amabhethri e-lithium, aziwa ngamandla awo aphezulu, abiza kakhulu. Le nzuzo yezindleko yenza amaseli e-zinc-carbon abe ukukhetha okuthandwayo kumadivayisi afana nezilawuli ezikude, amathoshi, namawashi. Ukusebenza kwawo kanye nentengo ephansi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ahlala efanele emakethe yanamuhla.

Izici Ezithonya Izindleko Zamaseli E-Zinc-Carbon

Izindleko Zezinto Ezibalulekile Nokutholakala Kwazo

Izinto ezisetshenziswa kumaseli e-zinc-carbon zidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni izindleko zazo. Lawa mabhethri athembele ku-zinc njenge-anode, induku yekhabhoni njenge-cathode, kanye ne-electrolyte ene-acidic. I-Zinc, njengoba iyinsimbi etholakala kabanzi futhi engabizi kakhulu, inegalelo ekuthengeni kwala maseli. Kodwa-ke, ukuguquguquka kokunikezwa kwe-zinc emhlabeni wonke kungathinta izindleko zokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, lapho amanani e-zinc enyuka ngenxa yokwanda kwesidingo noma ukwehla komkhiqizo wezimayini, abakhiqizi bangabhekana nezindleko eziphakeme, ezingathinta amanani okuthengisa.

I-Manganese dioxide, enye ingxenye ebalulekile, nayo ithinta izindleko. Le nto isebenza njenge-depolarizer ebhethrini, iqinisekisa ukukhishwa kwamandla okuphumelelayo. Ukutholakala kwayo kanye nekhwalithi yayo kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kanye nentengo yamaseli e-zinc-carbon. Abakhiqizi bavame ukuthola lezi zinto ezindaweni ezinemithombo yemvelo eminingi, okusiza ukugcina izindleko ziphansi. Naphezu kwalezi zinselele, ukulula kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi amaseli e-zinc-carbon ahlala enye yezinketho zebhethri ezingabizi kakhulu.

Izinqubo Zokukhiqiza Nokusebenza Kahle

Ukusebenza kahle kwezinqubo zokukhiqiza kuthonya kakhulu ukuthi i-zinc carbon cell ibiza malini. Izinkampani ezinezindawo zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe, njengeJohnson New Eletek Battery Co., Ltd., ziyazuza ekusebenzeni okulula. Imigqa yokukhiqiza ezenzakalelayo inciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi futhi inciphise amaphutha, okuholela ekhwalithini eqhubekayo kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kuvumela abakhiqizi ukuthi banikeze amanani okuncintisana ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukusebenza.

Abakhiqizi abancane noma labo abanemishini esidala bangase babe nobunzima bokulingana nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko zabadlali abakhulu. Ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, njengokubumba okunembile kanye nokuhlanganiswa okuzenzakalelayo, kwenza kube lula ukukhiqizwa komthamo omkhulu ngezindleko eziphansi. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kuqinisekisa ukuthi amaseli e-zinc-carbon ahlala engabizi kubathengi ngenkathi egcina ukuthembeka kwawo. Ikhono lokukhiqiza inani elikhulu ngokushesha nangendlela ephumelelayo linikeza abakhiqizi ithuba lokuncintisana emakethe.

Isidingo Semakethe Nokuncintisana

Isidingo semakethe sidlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni izindleko zamaseli e-zinc-carbon. Lawa mabhethri asetshenziswa kabanzi kumadivayisi akhipha amanzi kancane njengezilawuli ezikude, amathoshi, namawashi odonga. Ukuthengeka kwawo kuwenza abe ukukhetha okuthandwayo kubakhiqizi abafaka amabhethri nemikhiqizo yabo. Lesi sidingo esiqhubekayo siqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kuhlala kufana, kusiza ekuqiniseni amanani.

Ukuncintisana ngaphakathi kwemboni yamabhethri nakho kuthinta amanani. Amaseli e-zinc-carbon abhekene nokuncintisana okuvela kumabhethri e-alkaline kanye ne-lithium, anikeza ukusebenza okungcono kodwa ngezindleko eziphakeme. Ukuze ahlale encintisana, abakhiqizi bagxila ekugcineni amanani aphansi ngenkathi begqamisa ukusebenza kwamaseli e-zinc-carbon ezinhlelweni ezithile. Ibhalansi phakathi kwesidingo kanye nokuncintisana iqinisekisa ukuthi lawa mabhethri ayaqhubeka nokuba yisisombululo esingabizi kakhulu kubathengi.

“Amabhethri e-zinc-carbon angamabhethri ayinhloko abiza kakhulu futhi athandwa kakhulu ngabakhiqizi lapho amadivayisi ethengiswa ngamabhethri engeziwe.” Lesi sitatimende sigcizelela ukubaluleka kwawo emakethe yanamuhla, lapho ukuthengeka kuvame ukuba yinto eza kuqala kunokuphila isikhathi eside.

Ngokuqonda lezi zici, kuba sobala ukuthi kungani amaseli e-zinc-carbon egcine isikhundla sawo njengenketho engabizi kakhulu. Ukwakheka kwawo kwezinto ezibonakalayo, izinqubo zokukhiqiza eziphumelelayo, kanye nesidingo esiqhubekayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi ahlala efinyeleleka kubathengi abaningi.

Ukuqhathaniswa kweIseli le-Zinc-Carbonnezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri

Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezindleko Namabhethri E-Alkaline Nalawo Angashajwa Kabusha

Uma kuqhathaniswa izinhlobo zamabhethri, izindleko zivame ukuba yisici esinqumayo kubathengi abaningi. Amabhethri e-zinc-carbon avelele njengenketho engabizi kakhulu. Intengo yawo ngeseli ngalinye ivame ukuba phakathi$0.20and$1.00, okwenza kube ukukhetha okulula kwesabelomali kumadivayisi angasebenzisi amanzi amaningi. Ngokuphambene nalokho,amabhethri e-alkalinekubiza kakhulu, kuvame ukuba nentengo phakathi$0.50and$2.00 ngeseli. Lokhu kubiza okuphezulu kubonisa ubuningi bamandla abo obuphezulu kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside. Amabhethri aphinde ashajwe, njenge-nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) noma i-lithium-ion, aveza isakhiwo samanani esihluke ngokuphelele. Ngenkathi izindleko zawo zangaphambili ziphakeme kakhulu—kusukela ku-$2.00to$10.00 ngeseli—zinikeza inzuzo yemijikelezo eminingi yokushaja. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungenza amabhethri ashaja kabusha abe ngcono kakhulu ezimweni ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenza ngezikhathi ezithile noma ezisebenzisa amandla aphansi, amabhethri e-zinc-carbon ahlala eyisisombululo esingabizi kakhulu.

“Amabhethri e-zinc-carbon ayisinqumo esingabizi kakhulu kumadivayisi angachithi amanzi amaningi kodwa awahlali isikhathi eside njengamabhethri e-alkaline.” Lesi sitatimende sigcizelela ukuthengeka kwawo ngenkathi siqaphela ukulinganiselwa kwawo ebude besikhathi eside.

Kungani Amaseli E-Zinc-Carbon Ehlala Ebalulekile Namuhla

Izicelo Ezivamile Kumadivayisi Akhipha Amanzi Aphansi

Amabhethri e-zinc-carbon ayaqhubeka nokusebenza njengomthombo wamandla onokwethenjelwa wamadivayisi angadingi ukukhishwa kwamanzi amaningi. Ngivame ukuwabona esetshenziswa emikhiqizweni efana namawashi odongeni, izilawuli ezikude, kanye nezibani ezincane. Lawa madivayisi adinga amandla amancane kakhulu esikhathini eside, okwenza amaseli e-zinc-carbon abe ukukhetha okuhle. Ukuthengeka kwawo kuqinisekisa ukuthi abakhiqizi bangawafaka emikhiqizweni ngaphandle kokukhulisa izindleko kakhulu.

UGeorges Leclanché, iphayona kwezobuchwepheshe bebhethri, wake wathi, “Amabhethri e-zinc-carbon ayisinqumo esingabizi kakhulu. Aphelele kumadivayisi angadingi amanzi amaningi njengamawashi odonga noma imisakazo, lapho ukuhlala isikhathi eside kungeyona inkinga enkulu.”

Lokhu kuqonda kugqamisa ukusebenza kwazo. Isibonelo, lapho kusetshenziswa iwashi, indima eyinhloko yebhethri ukugcina umkhiqizo ohambisanayo, ongenamandla amaningi. Amaseli e-zinc-carbon avelele kulesi simo. Ukutholakala kwawo kabanzi kuwenza abe lula kubathengi. Ngiphawulile ukuthi avame ukuba yinketho ethandwayo emindenini efuna ikhambi elingabizi lokusebenzisa izinto zansuku zonke.

Izinto Ezicatshangelwayo Kwezomnotho Nezemvelo

Izinzuzo zezomnotho zamabhethri e-zinc-carbon azinakweqiswa. Izindleko zawo zokukhiqiza eziphansi zisho amanani angabizi kubathengi. Lokhu kufinyeleleka kubenza bafinyeleleke kubantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho izindleko ziyisici esibalulekile ezinqumweni zokuthenga. Ngibonile ukuthi inzuzo yentengo yabo ivame ukudlula isikhathi sabo sokuphila esifushane uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-alkaline.

Ukuhlaziywa kwamuva nje kuphawule ukuthi, “Amabhethri e-zinc-carbon asasetshenziswa naphezu kobuchwepheshe obusha ngenxa yezindleko zawo eziphansi, ubuningi bamandla aphezulu, ukuphepha, kanye nokutholakala kwawo emhlabeni jikelele.”

Ngokombono wezemvelo, amaseli e-zinc-carbon anikeza izinzuzo ezithile. Ukwakheka kwawo okulula, ikakhulukazi i-zinc ne-manganese dioxide, kwenza kube lula ukuwasebenzisa kabusha uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo zamabhethri eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Nakuba engaphinde ashajwe, umthelela wawo omncane wezemvelo ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa unezela ekukhangeni kwawo. Ngikholwa ukuthi njengoba ubuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa kabusha buthuthuka, umthelela wezemvelo wala mabhethri uzoncipha kakhulu.

Amaseli e-zinc-carbon ayaqhubeka nokuvelela njengendlela engabizi kakhulu futhi ewusizo yokunika amandla amadivayisi angadingi ukukhishwa kwamanzi amaningi. Ukukwazi kwawo ukukhokhela kuwenza atholakale kubathengi abaningi, ikakhulukazi labo abafuna izixazululo zamandla ezingabizi. Ngibonile ukuthi ukwakheka kwawo okulula kanye nokusebenza okuthembekile kuqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwawo ngisho nasemakethe egcwele ubuchwepheshe bebhethri obuthuthukisiwe. Ngenkathi izinketho ezintsha ezifana namabhethri e-alkaline ne-lithium zinikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu, amaseli e-zinc-carbon ahlala engenakuqhathaniswa ngokwentengo kanye nokutholakala. Ukuthandwa kwawo okuhlala njalo kugcizelela inani lawo njengomthombo wamandla othembekile futhi ongabizi kakhulu.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ayini ngempela amabhethri e-zinc-carbon?

Amabhethri e-zinc-carbon angamabhethri eseli elomile aphephile, angabizi kakhulu futhi ahlala isikhathi eside eshalofini. Asebenza kahle kumadivayisi anamandla aphansi njengezilawuli ezikude namawashi. Lawa mabhethri aqukethe i-zinc anode, i-carbon cathode, kanye ne-electrolyte, ngokuvamile eyi-ammonium chloride noma i-zinc chloride. Ukwakheka kwawo okulula kuwenza athengeke futhi atholakale kabanzi.

Amabhethri e-zinc-carbon ahluke kanjani kwezinye izinhlobo?

Amabhethri e-zinc-carbon ahlukile ngokungabizi kwawo. Aphelele kumadivayisi angadingi amanzi amaningi njengamawashi odonga noma imisakazo. Nakuba engapheli isikhathi eside njengamabhethri e-alkaline, izindleko zawo eziphansi ziwenza abe inketho engabizi kakhulu. Ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho ubude besikhathi bungabalulekanga khona, amabhethri e-zinc-carbon ahlala eyisinqumo esiwusizo.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphinda ngishaje amabhethri e-zinc-carbon?

Cha, amabhethri e-zinc-carbon awakwazi ukushajwa kabusha. Aklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ngogesi oqondile kumadivayisi kuze kube yilapho ukushaja kwawo kuncipha. Ukuzama ukuwashaja kabusha kungabangela ukuvuza noma umonakalo ngenxa yokuwohloka kwe-zinc. Ukuze uthole izinketho ezingasetshenziswa kabusha, cabanga ngamabhethri angasetshenziswa kabusha njenge-nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) noma i-lithium-ion.

Kungani amabhethri e-zinc-carbon evuza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?

Amabhethri e-zinc-carbon angase avuza njengoba ukushaja kwawo kuncipha. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba i-zinc anode ibola kancane kancane ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu konakala kungaholela ekuvuzeni, ikakhulukazi uma ibhethri lihlala kudivayisi ngemva kokuba selikhishwe ngokuphelele. Ukuze ngivimbele umonakalo, ngincoma ukususa amabhethri aphelelwe yisikhathi ngokushesha.

Yimaphi amadivayisi afaneleka kakhulu amabhethri e-zinc-carbon?

Amabhethri e-zinc-carbon asebenza kahle kakhulu kumadivayisi angadingi ukukhishwa kwamanzi amaningi. Izibonelo ezivamile zifaka phakathi izilawuli ezikude, amawashi odonga, amathoshi amancane, kanye nemisakazo. Lawa madivayisi adinga amandla amancane kakhulu esikhathini eside, okwenza amabhethri e-zinc-carbon abe ukukhetha okuhle nokungabizi.

Ingabe amabhethri e-zinc-carbon anobungani nemvelo?

Amabhethri e-zinc-carbon anokwakheka okulula, ikakhulukazi i-zinc ne-manganese dioxide. Lokhu kulula kwenza kube lula ukuwasebenzisa kabusha uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo zamabhethri eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Nakuba engaphinde ashajwe, intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa kabusha iyaqhubeka nokunciphisa umthelela wawo emvelweni.

Amabhethri e-zinc-carbon avame ukuhlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Isikhathi sokuphila samabhethri e-zinc-carbon sincike kudivayisi nasekusetshenzisweni kwayo. Kumadivayisi akhipha amanzi kancane njengamawashi, angahlala izinyanga eziningana. Kodwa-ke, ekusetshenzisweni akhipha amanzi amaningi, isikhathi sawo sokuphila sincipha kakhulu. Uma esetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile, ahlala eyisisombululo esingabizi kakhulu.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ibhethri le-zinc-carbon livuza?

Uma ibhethri le-zinc-carbon livuza, liphathe ngokucophelela. Gqoka amagilavu ​​​​ukuze ugweme ukuthintana nezinto ezigqwalisayo. Hlanza indawo ethintekile ngengxube ye-baking soda namanzi ukuze unciphise i-asidi. Lahla ibhethri ngokwemithetho yendawo ukuze uthole imfucuza eyingozi.

Ingabe amabhethri e-zinc-carbon asasebenza nanamuhla?

Yebo, amabhethri e-zinc-carbon ahlala efanelekile ngenxa yokuthi ayathengeka futhi ayasebenza. Asetshenziswa kabanzi kumadivayisi angadingi amanzi amaningi futhi avame ukufakwa emikhiqizweni lapho ethengwa. Ukusebenza kwawo kahle kwezindleko kuqinisekisa ukuthi ayaqhubeka nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zabathengi abaqaphela isabelomali.

Ngingawathenga kuphi amabhethri e-zinc-carbon?

Amabhethri e-zinc-carbonzitholakala ezitolo eziningi, ezitolo ezinkulu, nasezimakethe eziku-inthanethi. Ziza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene ukuze zilingane namadivayisi ahlukene. Imikhiqizo efana ne-Johnson New Eletek Battery Co., Ltd. inikeza izinketho zekhwalithi ephezulu ezihlanganisa ukungabizi nokusebenza okuthembekile.