Ngokusho kwedatha, inkinobho yebhethri eyodwa ingangcolisa amalitha angu-600000 wamanzi, angasetshenziswa umuntu impilo yakhe yonke. Uma ingxenye yebhethri enguNo.1 ijikijelwa ensimini lapho izitshalo zitshalwa khona, indawo eyi-square mitha engu-1 ezungeze leli bhethri lemfucuza izoba yinyumba. Kungani kube kanje? Ngoba lamabhethri emfucumfucu aqukethe inani elikhulu lezinsimbi ezinzima. Isibonelo: i-zinc, i-lead, i-cadmium, i-mercury, njll. Lezi zinsimbi ezinzima zingena emanzini futhi zimuncwe izinhlanzi nezitshalo. Uma abantu bedla lezi zinhlanzi ezingcolile, izimfanzi nezitshalo, bazophathwa ushevu we-Mercury kanye nezifo zesimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi, nezinga lokufa elifika ku-40%. I-Cadmium ikhonjwa njenge-Class 1A Carcinogen.

Amabhethri kadoti aqukethe izinsimbi ezinzima njenge-mercury, i-cadmium, i-manganese, nomthofu. Lapho ingaphezulu lamabhethri ligqwalile ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga nemvula, izingxenye zensimbi ezinzima ngaphakathi zizongena emhlabathini namanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Uma abantu bedla izitshalo ezikhiqizwe emhlabeni ongcolile noma bephuza amanzi angcolile, lezi zinsimbi ezinobuthi ezisindayo zizongena emzimbeni womuntu futhi zifake kancane kancane, zibe usongo olukhulu empilweni yomuntu.

Ngemuva kokuthi i-mercury emabhethri emfucuza igcwele, uma ingena emangqamuzaneni obuchopho bomuntu, isimiso sezinzwa sizolimala kakhulu. I-Cadmium ingabangela ukulimala kwesibindi nezinso, futhi ezimweni ezinzima, ukuguqulwa kwamathambo. Amanye amabhethri kadoti aqukethe ne-asidi nensimbi esindayo, engabangela ukungcoliswa komhlabathi namanzi uma kuvuza emvelweni, ekugcineni kube yingozi kubantu.
Indlela yokwelapha ibhethri

1. Ukwahlukanisa
Phihliza ibhethri likadoti eligaywe kabusha, hlubula igobolondo le-zinc nensimbi engezansi yebhethri, khipha ikepisi yethusi ne-graphite rod, bese enye into emnyama esele ingxube yeManganese dioxide ne-ammonium chloride esetshenziswa njengomongo webhethri. Qoqa izinto ezingenhla ngokwehlukana futhi uzicubungule ukuze uthole ezinye izinto eziwusizo. Induku ye-graphite iyagezwa, yomiswe, bese isetshenziswa njenge-electrode.

2. I-zinc granulation
Geza igobolondo le-zinc elikhishiwe bese ulibeka ebhodweni lensimbi eliwukhonkolo. Kushise ukuze kuncibilike futhi kugcinwe kufudumele amahora angu-2. Susa ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-scum, luthululele ukuze luphole, bese uluphonsa ku-iron plate. Ngemuva kokuqina, izinhlayiya ze-zinc zitholakala.

3. Ukugaywa kabusha kwamashidi ethusi
Ngemuva kokuthambisa i-cap yethusi, yigeze ngamanzi ashisayo, bese wengeza inani elithile le-sulfuric acid engu-10% ukuze ubilise imizuzu engu-30 ukuze ususe ungqimba lwe-oxide ongaphezulu. Susa, ugeze, futhi womise ukuze uthole umugqa wethusi.

4. Ukubuyiswa kwe-ammonium chloride
Faka into emnyama kusilinda, engeza amanzi afudumele angama-60oC bese ugoqa ihora eli-1 ukuze uncibilikise yonke i-ammonium chloride emanzini. Liyeke lime linganyakazi, lihlunge, futhi ligeze izinsalela zokuhlunga kabili, bese liqoqa ugologo lukamama; Ngemva kotshwala bomama buyi-Vacuum distillation kuze kuvele ifilimu yekristalu emhlophe phezulu, buyapholiswa futhi luhlungwe ukuze kutholwe amakristalu e-ammonium chloride, bese uphuzo lukamama lugaywa kabusha.

5. Ukubuyiswa kweManganese dioxide
Geza insalela ehlungiwe ngamanzi izikhathi ezintathu, uyihlunge, ufake ikhekhe lokuhlunga ebhodweni futhi ulifuthe ukuze ukhiphe i-carbon encane nezinye izinto eziphilayo, bese uzifaka emanzini bese ugoqa ngokugcwele imizuzu engu-30, ukuhlunga, yomisa ikhekhe lokuhlunga ku-100-110oC ukuze uthole i-Manganese dioxide emnyama.

6. Ukuqina, ukungcwatshwa okujulile, nokugcinwa ezimayini ezingasasebenzi
Ngokwesibonelo, imboni yaseFrance ikhipha i-nickel ne-cadmium kuyo, bese isetshenziselwa ukwenza insimbi, kuyilapho i-cadmium iphinde isetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni amabhethri. Amanye amabhethri emfucumfucu ngokuvamile athuthelwa ezindaweni ezikhethekile zokulahla imfucuza enobuthi futhi Eyingozi, kodwa lo mkhuba awugcini nje ngokubiza kakhulu, kodwa futhi udala imfucuza, ngoba kusekhona izinto eziningi eziwusizo ezingasetshenziswa njengezinto zokusetshenziswa.