01 - i-lithium iron phosphate ikhombisa umkhuba okhulayo

Ibhethri ye-lithium inezinzuzo zosayizi omncane, isisindo esilula, ukushaja okusheshayo nokuqina. Ingabonakala kubhethri leselula kanye nebhethri yemoto. Phakathi kwazo, ibhethri ye-lithium iron phosphate nebhethri le-ternary material amagatsha amabili amakhulu ebhethri ye-lithium njengamanje.

Ngezidingo zokuphepha, emkhakheni wezimoto zabagibeli kanye nezimoto ezinenhloso ekhethekile, ibhethri lamandla e-lithium iron phosphate elinezindleko eziphansi, ubuchwepheshe bomkhiqizo obuvuthiwe futhi obuphephile busetshenziswe ngenani eliphakeme. Ibhethri le-ternary lithium elinamandla athile aphezulu lisetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezimoto zabagibeli. Eqeqebeni elisha lezimemezelo, ingxenye yamabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate emkhakheni wezimoto zabagibeli inyuke isuka ngaphansi kwama-20% ngaphambili yaya cishe kuma-30%.

I-Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) ingenye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ze-cathode zamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Inokuqina okuhle kokushisa, ukumunca umswakama omncane kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu komjikelezo wokushaja ngaphansi kwesimo sokushajwa ngokugcwele. Kugxilwe kocwaningo, ukukhiqizwa kanye nentuthuko emkhakheni wamandla namandla okugcina amandla amabhethri e-lithium-ion. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokunqunyelwa kwesakhiwo sayo, ibhethri ye-lithium-ion ene-lithium iron phosphate njengoba into enhle ine-conductivity ephansi, izinga lokusabalalisa kancane kwe-lithium ion, nokusebenza okubi kokukhipha ekushiseni okuphansi. Lokhu kubangela imayela eliphansi lezimoto zakuqala ezifakwe ibhethri ye-lithium iron phosphate, ikakhulukazi esimweni sokushisa esiphansi.

Ukuze kubhekwe impumelelo yamakhilomitha okubekezela, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokuthi inqubomgomo yoxhaso lwezimoto ezintsha zamandla ibeke phambili izidingo eziphakeme zokubekezelela imoto mileage, ukuminyana kwamandla, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nezinye izici, yize ibhethri le-lithium iron phosphate lingena emakethe ngaphambili, i-ternary lithium. ibhethri elinomthamo omkhulu wamandla kancane kancane seliphenduke imakethe yezimoto zabagibeli zamandla amasha. Kungabonakala esimemezelweni sakamuva sokuthi nakuba ingxenye yebhethri ye-lithium iron phosphate emkhakheni wezimoto zabagibeli isiphinde yaqina, ingxenye yebhethri ye-lithium ternary isengama-70%.

02 - ukuphepha kuyinzuzo enkulu

I-nickel cobalt aluminium noma i-nickel cobalt manganese ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengezinto ze-anode zamabhethri e-ternary lithium, kodwa umsebenzi ophezulu wezinto ezisetshenziswayo awulethi nje kuphela ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, kodwa futhi uletha izingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha. Izibalo ezingaphelele zikhombisa ukuthi ngonyaka ka-2019, isibalo sezingozi zokuzithungela zezimoto ezintsha zamandla sashiwo izikhathi eziyi-14 ukwedlula leso sango-2018, futhi izinhlobo ezinjengoTesla, Weilai, BAIC kanye ne-Weima ziye zaqubuka izingozi zokuziqhumisa zilandelana.

Kungabonakala engozini ukuthi umlilo uvela ikakhulukazi enqubweni yokushaja, noma ngemva nje kokushaja, ngoba ibhethri izokhuphuka izinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza isikhathi eside. Lapho izinga lokushisa lebhethri le-ternary lithium lingaphezu kuka-200 ° C, izinto ezinhle kulula ukubola, futhi ukusabela kwe-oxidation kuholela ekubalekeni okusheshayo okushisayo kanye nokusha okunamandla. Isakhiwo se-olivine se-lithium iron phosphate siletha ukuzinza okuphezulu kwezinga lokushisa, futhi izinga lokushisa layo elibalekayo lifinyelela ku-800 ° C, nokukhiqizwa kwegesi okuncane, ngakho-ke kuphephe kakhulu. Kungakho futhi, ngokususelwa ekucatshangelweni kokuphepha, amabhasi wamandla amasha ngokuvamile asebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate, kuyilapho amabhasi amandla amasha asebenzisa amabhethri e-ternary lithium engakwazi okwesikhashana ukungena kukhathalogi yezimoto zamandla amasha ukuze ziphakanyiswe futhi zifakwe isicelo.

Muva nje, izimoto ezimbili zikagesi ze-Changan Auchan zamukele ibhethri ye-lithium iron phosphate, ehlukile kumabhizinisi ajwayelekile ezimoto agxile ezimotweni. Izinhlobo ezimbili zeChangan Auchan yiSUV neMPV. U-Xionng zewei, isekela lomphathi-jikelele we-Chang'an Auchan Research Institute, utshele intatheli: “lokhu kuphawula ukuthi i-Auchan isingene ngokusemthethweni enkathini yamandla kagesi ngemva kweminyaka emibili yemizamo.”

Ngokuqondene nokuthi kungani kusetshenziswa ibhethri ye-lithium iron phosphate, u-Xiong uthe ukuphepha kwezimoto zamandla amasha bekulokhu kungenye “yezindawo zobuhlungu” zabasebenzisi, futhi okukhathaza kakhulu amabhizinisi. Uma kucatshangelwa lokhu, iphakethe lebhethri le-lithium iron phosphate elithwelwe imoto entsha seliqedile ukuhlolwa komkhawulo wokubhaka amalangabi angaphezu kuka-1300 ° C, - 20 ° C ukuma okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa, ukuma kwesisombululo sikasawoti esingu-3.5%, umthelela wengcindezi yangaphandle engu-11 kn, njll. ., futhi izuze isisombululo sokuphepha kwebhethri "esine singesabi" sokuthi "angesabi ukushisa, angesabi amakhaza, angesabi amanzi, angesabi umthelela".

Ngokwemibiko, i-Changan Auchan x7ev ifakwe unomphela ozibuthe we-synchronous motor enamandla amakhulu angu-150KW, ene-endurance mileage engaphezu kuka-405 km kanye nebhethri lempilo ende kakhulu elinezikhathi ezingu-3000 zokushaja umjikelezo. Emazingeni okushisa ajwayelekile, kuthatha isigamu sehora kuphela ukwengeza i-endurance mileage engaphezu kuka-300 km. "Eqinisweni, ngenxa yokuba khona kwesistimu yokubuyisela amandla e-braking, ukubekezela kwemoto kungafinyelela cishe ku-420 km ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza zasemadolobheni." U-Xiong wengeza.

Ngokohlelo olusha lokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezimoto zamandla (2021-2035) (Okusalungiswa ukuze kuphawulwe) olukhishwe uMnyango Wezimboni kanye nobuchwepheshe bolwazi, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zamandla amasha kuzoba cishe ama-25% ngo-2025. Kuyabonakala ukuthi ingxenye izimoto ezintsha zamandla zizoqhubeka nokwanda esikhathini esizayo. Kulo mongo, okuhlanganisa ne-Chang'an Automobile, amabhizinisi ezimoto ezizimele zendabuko asheshisa ukwakheka kwemakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha.